In dissociative disorders, such as Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), the concept of "alters" (also known as "parts," "personalities," or "subpersonalities") refers to distinct states of consciousness or identity that coexist within an individual. These alters can have their own unique characteristics, memories, and behaviors.
When an alter takes over, it is often referred to as "switching." During a switch, the alter becomes the dominant state of consciousness, and the individual may lose awareness of the actions, thoughts, and experiences that occur while the alter is in control.
As for the "host," it is a term used to describe the part of the individual's identity that is most commonly present and interacts with the outside world. The host is the identity that usually assumes responsibility for daily living, relationships, and social interactions.
When an alter takes over, the host's consciousness may recede, temporarily losing awareness of what happens while the alter is in control. It can feel like a gap in time or memory loss, as if the host "went away" during the period of switching. The host may not be aware of what the alter does or experiences during that time.
It's essential to understand that the experience of dissociation, including switching and the role of alters, can vary significantly from person to person. Additionally, the nature of dissociation and its underlying mechanisms is still an area of ongoing research and exploration within the field of psychology and psychiatry.
People with dissociative disorders often work with therapists who specialize in trauma and dissociation to gain a better understanding of their alters, develop communication between alters, and work toward integrating these distinct parts into a more cohesive sense of self. This therapeutic process aims to foster cooperation and collaboration between alters and the host to promote healing and functional living.