A shared psychotic disorder, also known as folie à deux, is a rare psychiatric condition in which two or more individuals share a delusional belief. In this condition, a person with an established psychotic disorder (the primary case or "inducer") shares their delusions with another person (the secondary case or "recipient") who does not have a pre-existing psychotic disorder.
The delusional belief is transmitted from the primary case to the secondary case through close and prolonged contact, typically within a close relationship such as family members, spouses, or very close friends. The delusions are not based on reality and are usually fixed and resistant to change. The secondary case may adopt the delusions of the primary case and genuinely believe in them, even though they may not have experienced them firsthand.
Shared psychotic disorders can manifest in various forms, and the content of the delusion may vary depending on the primary case's symptoms. The delusion may involve paranoid beliefs, grandiose ideas, or even bizarre and unusual beliefs.
It is essential to differentiate shared psychotic disorder from other mental health conditions, such as schizophrenia, as the shared delusions may subside or disappear if the two individuals are separated or if the primary case's symptoms are treated effectively.
Treatment for shared psychotic disorders involves addressing the primary case's underlying psychiatric condition, as resolving the primary individual's delusional beliefs is often the key to alleviating the secondary case's symptoms. In some cases, separation of the individuals involved may also be necessary to prevent the reinforcement of the shared delusion.
Shared psychotic disorder is a complex and relatively rare phenomenon, and it requires careful assessment and management by mental health professionals. If you suspect that someone you know might be experiencing this condition, it's essential to encourage them to seek professional help and support from a qualified mental health practitioner.