A bergschrund (pronounced "berk-shroond") is a specific type of crevasse or crevice that forms on glaciers. It is a German word, combining "berg" (mountain) and "schrund" (crack or crevice). Bergschrunds typically occur near the head of a glacier, where the ice moves at a different speed or in a different direction than the underlying ice or rock.
The bergschrund forms due to the differential movement between the moving glacier ice and the stationary ice or rock beneath it. As the glacier flows downward, it pulls away from the mountain or the cliff it is resting against, creating a gap or crack between the two. This gap can vary in width and depth and is often several meters wide and can extend deep into the glacier.
Bergschrunds can be hazardous for climbers and mountaineers as they can be hidden by snow bridges and pose a risk of collapse. When climbing on or near a glacier, it's crucial to be aware of the presence of bergschrunds and take proper precautions to avoid potential dangers.