The concept of a higher power or the belief in gods and deities has been a pervasive aspect of human history and culture. Several factors contribute to the prevalence of such beliefs:
Evolutionary origins: Some researchers propose that the tendency to believe in higher powers or gods has evolutionary roots. Humans are pattern-seeking creatures, and our ancestors might have developed beliefs in unseen, powerful beings to explain natural phenomena and events beyond their understanding. These beliefs could have provided a sense of control and comfort in the face of uncertainty.
Psychological comfort and existential questions: The belief in a higher power often provides comfort and answers to existential questions such as the purpose of life, the afterlife, and the nature of morality. It can serve as a source of hope, guidance, and meaning, offering a framework to understand and navigate life's challenges.
Sociocultural factors: Cultural transmission plays a significant role in shaping religious beliefs. The transmission of beliefs from one generation to another within families, communities, and societies helps maintain and propagate these ideas. Additionally, religious institutions and leaders often play a role in fostering and preserving these beliefs.
Group cohesion and identity: Religion can act as a unifying force within a community, providing a shared set of values, rituals, and beliefs. It helps form a collective identity and fosters a sense of belonging, which is essential for social cohesion.
Historical inertia: Religions with large followings tend to perpetuate and expand their influence over time. Religions with deep historical roots may have gained a significant following through various historical, political, and cultural events, solidifying their position in societies.
As for the lack of discovery of entirely new gods with substantial followings in modern times, it's essential to consider that the world is increasingly interconnected and information is readily accessible. This interconnectedness can lead to the rapid spread of ideas and knowledge, making it challenging for entirely new religious concepts to gain widespread popularity.
However, it's important to note that there have been instances of new religious movements and sects emerging throughout history. These movements typically arise in response to social and cultural changes or as a reaction against established religious institutions.
In conclusion, the dominance of the concept of a higher power in human culture is a multifaceted phenomenon, influenced by evolutionary, psychological, sociocultural, and historical factors. While new religious movements have emerged, the prevalence of well-established religions has made it difficult for entirely new gods to gain widespread recognition and followings in the modern world.