Eprinomectin is a macrocyclic lactone anthelmintic drug used to treat and control internal and external parasites in animals. Its mechanism of action is similar to other avermectins and includes its ability to bind to and activate specific receptors in the nervous systems of parasites. Here's a simplified explanation of how eprinomectin works:
Neurotransmitter Release Inhibition: Eprinomectin interferes with the function of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter in the nervous system of parasites. It prevents the release of GABA, which is essential for inhibiting the transmission of nerve signals in parasites.
Paralysis of Nervous System: By inhibiting GABA release, eprinomectin disrupts the normal functioning of the nervous system in parasites. This leads to a hyperexcitability of the nerves and causes paralysis of the parasites.
Muscle Relaxation: As a result of the paralysis, the parasites' muscles relax and lose their ability to maintain their grip on tissues and host surfaces, making it easier for the host's immune system and natural mechanisms to eliminate the parasites.
Death and Elimination: The prolonged paralysis eventually leads to the death of the parasites. Once the parasites are dead, they are either expelled from the host's body or broken down and metabolized.
Eprinomectin primarily targets nematode and arthropod parasites in animals, including gastrointestinal worms (e.g., roundworms), lungworms, mites, and lice. It is available in various formulations, including topical pour-ons and injectables, to treat different parasitic infestations in a variety of livestock and companion animals.
It's essential to use eprinomectin and other anthelmintic drugs responsibly, as overuse or improper use can lead to the development of drug resistance in parasites, making the treatments less effective over time. Proper dosing and veterinary guidance are critical to maintaining the efficacy of anthelmintic medications.