In psychology, the terms "sociopath" and "psychopath" are not official diagnoses. These terms have been used colloquially to describe individuals who display antisocial behaviors and a lack of empathy or remorse. However, in the official diagnostic manuals used by mental health professionals, such as the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) and the ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases), these terms are not used as specific categories.
Instead, the diagnosis of personality disorders related to antisocial behavior is referred to as "Antisocial Personality Disorder" (ASPD). ASPD is characterized by a pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others. Individuals with ASPD may engage in manipulative, deceitful, and impulsive behaviors and often have little regard for the feelings and well-being of others. They may also struggle with forming genuine emotional connections and tend to be indifferent to social norms and rules.
Personality disorders, including ASPD, are typically assessed on a spectrum, with varying degrees of severity and impairment. Some individuals with ASPD may display more extreme and severe antisocial behaviors, while others may exhibit fewer traits or exhibit them in a less pronounced manner.
As for the term "middle functioning sociopath/psychopath," it is not a recognized clinical term. The severity and impact of any personality disorder, including ASPD, can vary widely from person to person, and individuals with ASPD can display different levels of functioning and adaptation in various areas of their lives.
It is crucial to remember that diagnosing and understanding personality disorders is a complex process that requires a comprehensive assessment by a qualified mental health professional. If you or someone you know is struggling with behavioral or emotional issues, seeking the advice of a mental health professional is essential for proper evaluation, diagnosis, and appropriate support or treatment.