Scientism is generally considered a bad thing because it represents an excessive and unwarranted belief in the power of scientific knowledge and the scientific method to provide answers to all questions, including those traditionally outside the scope of science. It is the view that the methods and approaches of the natural sciences are the only valid ways to gain knowledge about the world and reality.
While science has undeniably led to incredible advancements and a deeper understanding of the natural world, scientism becomes problematic when it is taken to extreme positions. Here are some reasons why scientism is often criticized:
Reductionism: Scientism tends to reduce complex phenomena to only their scientific aspects, ignoring other aspects of human experience, such as emotions, ethics, aesthetics, and spirituality. It fails to appreciate the richness and diversity of human knowledge and understanding.
Limitations of science: Not all questions or phenomena can be addressed through scientific methods alone. Questions related to morality, ethics, consciousness, and the nature of subjective experiences often fall outside the purview of empirical science.
Value judgments: Science can provide us with information about the world, but it cannot make value judgments or tell us what we ought to do. Scientism may overlook the importance of ethical considerations, cultural perspectives, and personal beliefs in decision-making.
Overlooking other forms of knowledge: Scientism may dismiss other forms of knowledge, such as philosophical, historical, artistic, and religious understandings, which have their own methods and contributions to human understanding.
Arrogance and dismissal of expertise: Scientism can lead to an attitude of arrogance, dismissing expertise in other fields that are not considered strictly scientific. This can hinder interdisciplinary collaboration and holistic problem-solving.
Lack of self-reflection: Scientism may be blind to its own limitations and assumptions, assuming that science is neutral and objective, free from biases or cultural influences.
It is essential to acknowledge the importance of science while also recognizing that it is just one tool in the toolbox of human knowledge. Embracing a more balanced and interdisciplinary approach to understanding the world can lead to a richer and more comprehensive understanding of reality.